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Seeds in a Mountain: The Svalbard Global Seed Vault
The Svalbard Global Seed Vault is carved into a mountain on Spitsbergen, a Norwegian island in the Arctic. It was built as a long-term backup for crop seeds held by gene banks around the world.
Duplicate seed samples can be stored there free of charge by eligible gene banks. Each sample already has a copy elsewhere, so the vault serves as a second backup.
Inside, the seeds are kept under black box conditions. Each depositor remains the owner of its own material.
ICARDA, a research centre, faced that need when its gene bank in Aleppo could no longer operate during the conflict in Syria. In 2015, seed samples were withdrawn from Svalbard to help establish new collections in Lebanon and Morocco.
ICARDA produced new seed from material returned from Svalbard, and fresh samples have been deposited again.