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TWENTY - SECOND LECTURE GENERAL THEORY OF THE NEUROSES Theories of Development and Regression — Etiology WE have learned that the libidio goes through an extensive development before it can enter the service of reproduction in a way which may be regarded as normal . Now I wish to present to you what importance this fact possesses for the causation of neuroses . I believe we are in harmony with the teachings of general pathology in assuming that this development involves two dangers , inhibition and regression . In other words , with the universal tendency of biological processes toward variation , it must necessarily happen that not all preparatory phases of a given function are equally well passed through or accomplished with comparable thoroughness . Certain components of a function may be permanently held back in an early stage of development and the complete development is therefore retarded to a certain extent . Let us seek analogies for these processes from other fields . If a whole people leaves its dwellings to seek a new home , as frequently happened in the early periods of the history of mankind , their entire number will certainly not reach the new destination . Setting aside other losses , small groups or associations of these wandering peoples would stop on the way , and , while the majority passes on , they would settle down at these way - stations . Or , to seek a more appropriate comparison : You know that in the most highly evolved mammals , the male seminal glands , which originally are located in the far depths of the abdominal cavity , begin to wander during a certain period of intra - uterine life until they reach a position almost immediately under the skin of the pelvic extremity . In the case of a number of male individuals , one of the paired glands may as a result of this wandering remain in the pelvic cavity , or may be permanently located in the canal through which both glands must pass in their journey , or finally the canal itself may stay open permanently instead of growing together with the seminal glands after the change of position has taken place normally . When , as a young student , I was doing my first piece of scientific research under the direction of von Brücke , I was working on the dorsal nerve - roots in the spinal cord of a small fish very archaic in form . I discovered that the nerve ganglia of these roots grow out from large cells which lie in the grey matter of the dorsal column , a condition no longer true of other vertebrates . But I soon discovered that such nerve cells are found outside the grey matter all the way to the so - called spinal ganglion of the dorsal root .
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