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Quantum Supremacy and Practical Quantum Advantage
Mara had not come downstairs for a milestone. A molecule in her notebook would not settle on the cluster her group already trusted, and Ade had offered the quantum processor for an evening. She wanted one sketch of how that molecule held its energy, honest enough that she could choose which variant to make on the bench. If the evening produced only a performance, she would rather find out before midnight.
Ade did not open her file. He opened the result the field still uses as its reference point. In 2012 John Preskill named a threshold with unusual clarity: quantum supremacy, a quantum machine doing work that sits out of practical reach for classical computers. The demonstration people still cite came in 2019, when Google's Sycamore processor sampled the output of a random circuit. It was not a request from Mara's kind of work.