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PART I THE PSYCHOLOGY OF ERRORS FIRST LECTURE INTRODUCTION IDO not know how familiar some of you may be , either from your reading or from hearsay , with psychoanalysis . But , in keeping with the title of these lectures — A General Introduction to Psychoanalysis — I am obliged to proceed as though you knew nothing about this subject , and stood in need of preliminary instruction . To be sure , this much I may presume that you do know , namely , that psychoanalysis is a method of treating nervous patients medically . And just at this point I can give you an example to illustrate how the procedure in this field is precisely the reverse of that which is the rule in medicine . Usually when we introduce a patient to a medical technique which is strange to him we minimize its difficulties and give him confident promises concerning the result of the treatment . When , however , we undertake psychoanalytic treatment with a neurotic patient we proceed differently . We hold before him the difficulties of the method , its length , the exertions and the sacrifices which it will cost him ; and , as to the result , we tell him that we make no definite promises , that the result depends on his conduct , on his understanding , on his adaptability , on his perseverance . We have , of course , excellent motives for conduct which seems so perverse , and into which you will perhaps gain insight at a later point in these lectures . Do not be offended , therefore , if , for the present , I treat you as I treat these neurotic patients . Frankly , I shall dissuade you from coming to hear me a second time . With this intention I shall show what imperfections are necessarily involved in the teaching of psychoanalysis and what difficulties stand in the way of gaining a personal judgment . I shall show you how the whole trend of your previous training and all your accustomed mental habits must unavoidably have made you opponents of psychoanalysis , and how much you must overcome in yourselves in order to master this instinctive opposition . Of course I cannot predict how much psychoanalytic understanding you will gain from my lectures , but I can promise this , that by listening to them you will not learn how to undertake a psychoanalytic treatment or how to carry one to completion . Furthermore , should I find anyone among you who does not feel satisfied with a cursory acquaintance with psychoanalysis , but who would like to enter into a more enduring relationship with it , I shall not only dissuade him , but I shall actually warn him against it . As things now stand , a person would , by such a choice of profession , ruin his every chance of success at a university , and if he goes out into the world as a practicing physician , he will find himself in a society which does not understand his aims , which regards him with suspicion and hostility , and which turns loose upon him all the malicious spirits which lurk within it .
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