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On the basis of our clinical impressions of these patients , we asserted that in their case libidinous occupation with objects must have been abandoned , and object - libido must have been transformed into ego - libido . On the strength of this characteristic we had separated it from the first group of neurotics ( hysteria , anxiety and compulsion neuroses ) . Their behavior under attempts at therapy confirms this supposition . They show no neurosis . They , therefore , are inaccessible to our efforts and we cannot cure them . TWENTY - EIGHTH LECTURE GENERAL THEORY OF THE NEUROSES Analytical Therapy YOU know our subject for today . You asked me why we do not make use of direct suggestion in psychoanalytic therapy , when we admit that our influence depends substantially upon transference , i . e . , suggestion , for you have come to doubt whether or not we can answer for the objectivity of our psychological discoveries in the face of such a predominance of suggestion . I promised to give you a comprehensive answer . Direct suggestion is suggestion directed against the expression of the symptoms , a struggle between your authority and the motives of the disease . You pay no attention during this process to the motives , but only demand of the patient that he suppress their expression in symptoms . So it makes no difference in principle whether you hypnotize the patient or not . Bernheim , with his usual perspicacity , asserted that suggestion is the essential phenomenon underlying hypnotism , that hypnotism itself is already a result of suggestion , is a suggested condition . Bernheim was especially fond of practising suggestion upon a person in the waking state , and could achieve the same results as with suggestion under hypnosis . What shall I deal with first , the evidence of experience or theoretic considerations ? Let us begin with our experiences . I was a pupil of Bernheim's , whom I sought out in Nancy in 1889 , and whose book on suggestion I translated into German . For years I practised hypnotic treatment , at first by means of prohibitory suggestions alone , and later by this method in combination with investigation of the patient after the manner of Breuer . So I can speak from experience about the results of hypnotic or suggestive therapy . If we judge Bernheim's method according to the old doctor's password that an ideal therapy must be rapid , reliable and not unpleasant for the patient , we find it fulfills at least two of these requirements . It can be carried out much more rapidly , indescribably more rapidly than the analytic method , and it brings the patient neither trouble nor discomfort . In the long run it becomes monotonous for the physician , since each case is exactly the same ; continually forbidding the existence of the most diverse symptoms under the same ceremonial , without being able to grasp anything of their meaning or their significance . It is second - rate work , not scientific activity , and reminiscent of magic , conjuring and hocus - pocus ; yet in the face of the interest of the patient this cannot be considered .
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