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Facundo: Civilization and Barbarism: read in Spanish (C1)

Read Sarmiento’s Facundo in Spanish. Level C1: the 1845 essay-biography of a caudillo, the pampa and the Argentina of Rosas, with instant word translation.

Facundo: civilización y barbarie (Domingo Faustino Sarmiento)

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About this article

Level C1 Reading focus

What you'll learn

Vocabulary of the pampa and the gaucho, nineteenth-century essay prose, political and historical vocabulary, long sentences

This article contains the full text of Domingo Faustino Sarmiento’s Facundo (1845), an essay-biography of the caudillo Juan Facundo Quiroga that is also an argument about civilization and barbarism in Argentina. Level C1 suits readers who can follow long periods and political and historical vocabulary in Spanish. You will learn the words of the Argentine countryside and the rhetoric of nineteenth-century essays.

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