Midday heat and a watermelon, Spanish A1
Nico wants to cross a sunny square for a watermelon. He sweats, drinks water and walks in the shade.
Calor en verano
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About this article
What you'll learn
Present tense and words for heat, sweat, shade, water and summer.
At midday in summer, Nico wants a watermelon from the shop across the square. The sun hits the stones directly. His sister gives him water, but he starts across the open square. Sweat comes out of his skin. A dog pants in a little shade. In the sun his face still burns. Under a balcony the sweat dries a little, his skin feels cooler, and that water carries away part of the heat. He walks from shade to shade, gets the watermelon, and eats a sweet piece under a tree. He does not go back across the square.
After reading
Article learning block
Phrases, words, grammar, and quick practice from this text.
Phrases for training
Add useful phrases to SRS or mark them as already known.
El verano es la estación más calurosa del año
newSummer is the hottest season of the year
Superlative: más calurosa = hottest. Structure: noun + más + adjective + del año.
Use this pattern to compare seasons and describe extremes.
hace mucho calor
newIt is very hot
Impersonal expression: hacer calor = to be hot. "Mucho" intensifies the heat.
Essential weather phrase for summer contexts.
La temperatura sube
newThe temperature rises
Subir = to rise/go up. Inverted word order: adjective first for emphasis.
Useful for describing temperature changes.
nos sentimos más frescos
newwe feel cooler
Reflexive verb sentirse = to feel. Nos sentimos = we feel (ourselves).
Reflexive form for describing sensations.
Es importante beber mucha agua
newIt is important to drink a lot of water
Structure: Es importante + infinitive. Beber = to drink.
Learn this pattern for giving useful advice.
buscan sombra bajo los árboles
newthey look for shade under the trees
Buscar = to look for. La sombra = shade. Bajo = under.
Useful for describing where animals escape the heat.
Key words
Vocabulary that carries the school-day topic.
heat
el calor
heat
Masculine noun. "Calor" is uncountable in Spanish (like "heat").
Essential word for talking about summer weather.
sun
el sol
sun
Masculine noun. "Brillar" = to shine. El sol brilla.
Core vocabulary for weather and seasons.
temperature
la temperatura
temperature
Feminine noun (despite -a ending). Sube = rises, baja = drops.
Useful for weather descriptions.
shade
la sombra
shade
Feminine noun. "Buscar sombra" = to look for shade/cool.
Useful for heat protection contexts.
sweat
sudor
sweat
Masculine noun. Sudar = to sweat. When sweat evaporates, we feel cooler.
Body reaction vocabulary for heat.
energy
la energía
energy
Feminine noun. Solar energy reaches Earth as light and heat.
Scientific word from the article.
Grammar in context
Patterns from the text worth noticing after reading.
Ser for permanent identity
El verano es la estación más calurosa del año
El verano es la estación más calurosa
Ser = to be (permanent identity). Summer IS the hottest season by definition.
Helps distinguish ser vs estar.
Estar for temporary state
El aire se siente cálido
El aire se siente cálido
Estar = to be (temporary state). The air FEELS warm (right now, in summer).
Contrast with ser for permanent identity.
Reflexive verbs: -self
nos sentimos más frescos
nos sentimos más frescos
Reflexive pronoun nos- = ourselves. We feel ourselves cooler = We feel cooler.
Important category for describing sensations.
Regular -ar verbs: brillar
El sol brilla con mucha fuerza
El sol brilla con mucha fuerza
Brillar (to shine) is a regular -ar verb. Pattern: brillar → brillo, brillas, brilla...
Model for learning regular verb conjugation.
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