A night in a sleep laboratory - Spanish B2
Follow Eva through a fictional account of polysomnography and learn how sensors distinguish non-REM stages and REM sleep.
Una noche en el laboratorio del sueño
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About this article
What you'll learn
Sleep-study vocabulary, sequencing expressions and advanced past-tense structures.
In this fictional sleep-center scene, Eva spends a night under observation. Sensors record brain waves, eye movements, breathing, heart rate, oxygen and muscle activity while the text explains the three non-REM stages and REM sleep.
After reading
Article learning block
Phrases, words, grammar, and quick practice from this text.
Phrases for training
Add useful phrases to SRS or mark them as already known.
a las nueve de la noche
newat nine at night
The expression gives a precise time in the evening.
It helps describe a schedule precisely.
A lo largo de la noche
newthroughout the night
A lo largo de shows that something occurs over the course of a period.
Useful for describing processes over time.
al azar
newat random
Al azar means without a fixed order or plan.
It helps distinguish random data from patterns.
el conjunto de datos
newthe data set
All the data considered together.
A useful expression in science, medicine and analysis.
Key words
Vocabulary that carries the school-day topic.
Polysomnography
polisomnografía
polysomnography
A study that records different body functions during sleep.
The precise term for an overnight sleep study.
Sensors
sensores
sensors
Devices that detect and record physical changes.
Useful in technology and medical testing.
Scalp
cuero cabelludo
scalp
The skin covering the top of the head where hair grows.
Common in medical descriptions.
Wakefulness
vigilia
wakefulness
The state of being awake rather than asleep.
A useful term for contrasting sleep and wakefulness.
Bursts
ráfagas
bursts
Short and sudden periods of activity.
It helps describe signals and rapid changes.
Eyelids
párpados
eyelids
Folds of skin that close over and protect the eyes.
Useful for describing the eyes and sleep.
Grammar in context
Patterns from the text worth noticing after reading.
Past perfect: había recomendado
le había recomendado
her doctor had recommended
Había recomendado marks an action that happened before another past action, Eva's arrival.
It helps order past events clearly.
Simultaneous actions with mientras
mientras una persona duerme
while a person sleeps
Mientras links two actions that happen at the same time.
It helps describe parallel processes.
Contrast with aunque
aunque junto a la cama había una pantalla
although there was a screen beside the bed
Aunque introduces a detail that contrasts with the earlier description of an ordinary bedroom.
It lets you connect contrasting facts in one sentence.
Comparison with más difícil
resulta más difícil despertar a la persona
it is more difficult to wake the person
Más before difícil marks a higher degree of the quality.
It helps compare states and degrees of difficulty.
A question about earlier experience
¿Habías oído antes la palabra polisomnografía?
Had you heard the word polysomnography before?
Habías oído asks about an experience that may have occurred before reading this text.
It helps ask whether something had happened at an earlier point.
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