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Who decides on heritable genome editing?

Read a C1 Spanish analysis of the 2018 embryo-editing announcement and the safeguards proposed by international bodies.

Después de 2018: quién decide sobre la edición heredable

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About this article

Level C1 Reading focus

What you'll learn

bioethics vocabulary, qualified claims, hypothetical conditions, passive forms, C1 reading

The article uses the 2018 embryo-editing announcement to examine safety, medical need, consent, justice and international governance.

After reading

Article learning block

Phrases, words, grammar, and quick practice from this text.

15 items

Phrases for training

Add useful phrases to SRS or mark them as already known.

dejó al descubierto

new

brought to light

Dejar al descubierto means to reveal a fact or distinction that had not been sufficiently visible.

Useful for analytical writing about evidence and consequences.

por sí sola

new

on its own

Por sí sola indicates that one factor is insufficient without other elements.

Useful for limiting claims and avoiding simplistic conclusions.

en vez de aumentar

new

instead of increasing

En vez de contrasts one option or result with another.

Useful for comparing consequences and alternatives.

rendición de cuentas

new

accountability

Rendición de cuentas is the duty to explain decisions, evidence and responsibility to others.

Essential vocabulary for governance and public institutions.

Key words

Vocabulary that carries the school-day topic.

Embryonic

embrionarios

embryonic

Embrionarios describes something related to embryos.

Useful in medical and bioethical discussions.

Heritable

heredable

heritable

Heredable describes a change that can be passed to descendants.

Distinguishes inherited effects from changes limited to one patient.

Germline

linaje germinal

germline

The germline is the lineage of cells that gives rise to eggs or sperm and can transmit genetic material.

Central vocabulary for distinguishing somatic and heritable editing.

Mosaicism

mosaicismo

mosaicism

Mosaicism is the presence of cells with different genetic compositions in one organism.

Helps explain one safety concern in embryo editing.

Safeguards

salvaguardias

safeguards

Salvaguardias are protections designed to prevent harm or abuse.

Useful for policy, research ethics and regulation.

Monogenic

monogénicas

monogenic

Monogénicas describes diseases mainly caused by a pathogenic variant in one gene.

Useful for understanding the narrow medical category in the report.

Grammar in context

Patterns from the text worth noticing after reading.

Past perfect passive

habían sido editados

had been edited

Habían sido editados places a completed passive action before the committee received the news.

Useful for ordering past events while focusing on the affected object.

Conditional with passive se

podrían transmitirse

could be passed on

Podrían transmitirse presents a possible consequence rather than a certainty.

Useful for discussing risks without overstating them.

Hypothetical si clause

si un país llegara a autorizarlo

if a country were to authorize it

Si plus the imperfect subjunctive presents an unlikely or hypothetical future condition.

Useful for discussing policies that have not been adopted.

Antes de que with subjunctive

antes de que un país autorice

before a country authorizes

Antes de que takes the subjunctive when the later action is pending or not established.

Useful for setting conditions before a possible future decision.

Evaluation with subjunctive

No basta con que una intervención persiga

it is not enough for an intervention to pursue

The negative evaluation no basta con que triggers the subjunctive persiga.

Useful for expressing that one argument or condition is insufficient.

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