Racial bias in a medical algorithm | Spanish C1
Read a real case about cost, medical need and racial bias, and learn how to assess the transparency of a health algorithm.
Cuando un algoritmo confundió el coste con la necesidad médica
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About this article
What you'll learn
Vocabulary for algorithmic bias, indirect measures, risk evaluation and medical transparency.
The text explains a 2019 study of a health algorithm that used cost as an indirect measure of need. It compares the effect on Black and White patients and presents official transparency recommendations.
After reading
Article learning block
Phrases, words, grammar, and quick practice from this text.
Phrases for training
Add useful phrases to SRS or mark them as already known.
A primera vista
newat first glance
A primera vista introduces an initial impression that may change after closer examination.
Useful for contrasting appearances with later evidence.
A igualdad de puntuación
newat the same score
A igualdad de compares people or results while keeping the named condition equal.
Useful for making controlled comparisons.
en lugar de estimar directamente la enfermedad
newinstead of directly estimating illness
En lugar de presents one option as a substitute for another.
Useful for explaining a design choice.
poner a prueba la justicia del resultado
newtest the fairness of the result
Poner a prueba means to test whether something withstands examination.
Useful for discussing critical evaluation.
Key words
Vocabulary that carries the school-day topic.
Disparity
disparidad
disparity
A disparidad is a marked or unequal difference between groups or results.
Useful for describing unequal outcomes.
Indirect measure
indicador indirecto
indirect measure
An indicador indirecto represents something through a related variable rather than measuring it directly.
Useful for explaining proxy variables.
Risk score
puntuación de riesgo
risk score
A puntuación de riesgo is a numerical value used to represent estimated risk.
Useful for reading about clinical prediction.
Medical need
necesidad médica
medical need
Necesidad médica refers to the care a person's health condition requires.
Useful for distinguishing health needs from spending.
Data gaps
carencias de los datos
data gaps
Carencias de los datos are missing or insufficient parts of the available data.
Useful for discussing the limits of a dataset.
Accountability
rendición de cuentas
accountability
Rendición de cuentas is the duty to explain decisions and accept responsibility for them.
Useful for discussing governance and responsibility.
Grammar in context
Patterns from the text worth noticing after reading.
Al plus infinitive
Al utilizar el coste como indicador indirecto, el sistema incorporó esa desigualdad a la clasificación.
By using cost as an indirect measure, the system incorporated that inequality into the classification.
Al plus infinitive presents an action that occurs at the same time as, or provides the circumstance for, the main action.
Useful for linking a method to its consequence.
No bastaba con
No bastaba con comprobar que el algoritmo predecía bien el gasto.
It was not enough to check that the algorithm predicted spending well.
No bastaba con plus infinitive says that one action was insufficient.
Useful for adding a necessary condition to an argument.
Cuanto más, más
Cuanto más dependía la decisión de un indicador indirecto, más importante era comparar el resultado entre grupos.
The more the decision depended on an indirect measure, the more important comparison between groups became.
Cuanto más followed by más expresses two changes that vary together.
Useful for describing a proportional relationship.
Past unreal condition
Si el algoritmo hubiera predicho la enfermedad en lugar del gasto, habría respondido a otro objetivo.
If the algorithm had predicted illness instead of spending, it would have served a different objective.
Si plus pluperfect subjunctive and the conditional perfect describe an unreal past alternative and its result.
Useful for evaluating a decision by imagining another design.
Conviene que plus subjunctive
Conviene que quienes desarrollan o adoptan un sistema comuniquen cómo se integra en el trabajo clínico y cómo se vigila su rendimiento con el tiempo.
Those who develop or adopt a system should communicate how it fits into clinical work.
Conviene que introduces a recommendation and requires the subjunctive in the following clause.
Useful for formulating a measured recommendation.
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