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CEFR + your vocabulary path

How many words for CEFR A1-C2: vocabulary size map

The CEFR does not set an official word count, but research offers useful orientation ranges for A1-C2. MovaReader shows those ranges and, after you sign in, tracks learned words against the catalogue.

Map orientation

5,000+

frequent lemmas as a C2 orientation

Sign in to see your personal progress

Below are research-informed CEFR ranges. After you sign in, the map compares your learned words with the MovaReader catalogue at each level.

CEFR A1-C2 levels and catalogue progress

How MovaReader uses this map

  1. 1

    Scan the A1-C2 orientation ranges

    Each level shows a research-informed frequent-vocabulary range and a short CEFR can-do summary.

  2. 2

    Sign in and choose a learning language

    Without a learning language, progress cannot load. After setup, the map fetches the catalogue and your word statuses.

  3. 3

    Read and mark words as learned

    Vocabulary from articles and level lists accumulates in the catalogue. Level progress = learned / catalogue size.

  4. 4

    Combine with grammar and trainers

    The vocabulary map is one dimension. The grammar tree and trainers help lock words into context.

Evidence and method

How many words does each CEFR level need?

The CEFR does not set an official word count for A1-C2. The map ranges are research-informed orientation for frequent English vocabulary, not a guarantee of proficiency. For Spanish, the Plan Curricular defines content, not a single mandatory word total.

What MovaReader counts

Personal progress compares words marked as learned with the level catalogue size when available, otherwise with the upper orientation target. Word forms, multiword expressions, and depth of knowledge may be counted differently in research, so these figures should be read as approximate.

Council of Europe, 2020

CEFR: abilities, not a counter

The official Companion Volume describes vocabulary range qualitatively, from a basic repertoire of words and phrases to a very broad repertoire that includes idioms and colloquial expressions.

Open source ↗

Instituto Cervantes

Instituto Cervantes: Spanish content

The Plan Curricular distributes Spanish language material and thematic vocabulary across A1-C2, but it does not set one mandatory word count. The map figures are therefore orientation, not level certification.

Open source ↗

Milton & Alexiou, 2009

Milton and Alexiou: levels and lexis

The X-Lex study connects CEFR levels with knowledge among the 5,000 most frequent English lemmas. Its ranges provide the orientation used in these cards.

Open source ↗

Nation, 2006

Nation: understanding authentic input

For about 98% coverage of authentic English, the study estimates 8,000-9,000 word families for reading and 6,000-7,000 for speech. This is why 5,000 is not a C2 ceiling.

Open source ↗

FAQ: CEFR levels and vocabulary size

How many words do you need for A1, A2, B1, B2, C1, and C2?

There is no official number. The orientation ranges on this map (about 1,500 / 2,500 / 3,250 / 3,750 / 4,500 / 5,000+ frequent lemmas) draw on studies such as X-Lex (Milton and Alexiou) and are navigation aids, not level certificates.

Why does the CEFR not publish an official word count?

The CEFR describes communicative abilities: what a person can understand and do. Vocabulary range in the Companion Volume is qualitative because languages, tests, and knowledge types (receptive vs productive) do not collapse into one counter.

Are we counting lemmas, word forms, or "words"?

Research often counts lemmas or word families (go, goes, went as one unit). Catalogues and apps may count separate forms. Comparing "my 2,000 words" across sources is almost always approximate.

Does 5,000 words mean I am at C2?

No. 5,000 frequent lemmas is an orientation near the top of X-Lex-style scales, not a C2 ceiling. For high coverage of authentic texts, Nation estimates much larger word-family totals, and grammar, fluency, and skills still matter.

How does MovaReader count learned words on the map?

For each CEFR level, words with status "learned" (mastered) are divided by that level's catalogue size. If the catalogue is still empty, the upper research orientation bound is used as a fallback denominator.

Are the numbers the same for English and Spanish?

No. The map ranges are mainly inspired by English frequent-vocabulary research. For Spanish, the Instituto Cervantes Plan Curricular defines themes and content by level, not one mandatory word count.

Why might my progress show 0% if I already study the language?

Progress appears only after sign-in, choosing a learning language, and marking words in the MovaReader catalogue. Knowledge "in your head" without app statuses does not appear on the map.

Does this map replace DELE, IELTS, or Cambridge exams?

No. It is a learning compass and catalogue tracker. Official level is confirmed by exams and real language use, not only by a percentage of learned cards.

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