María Zambrano: Thinking from Exile, C1 Spanish
Read a factual C1 Spanish profile of María Zambrano, her exile, poetic reason, return, and major awards.
María Zambrano: pensar desde el exilio
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1939 . , , . . 1953 , 1984.
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. 1981 , . . 1988 .
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About this article
What you'll learn
intellectual biography, exile, poetic reason, nuanced causation, pluperfect, subjunctive connectors, formal argument
This factual C1 reading follows María Zambrano from her 1939 exile to her 1984 return, explains her idea of poetic reason, and records her 1981 and 1988 awards.
After reading
Article learning block
Phrases, words, grammar, and quick practice from this text.
Phrases for training
Add useful phrases to SRS or mark them as already known.
A lo largo de esos años
newthroughout those years
The phrase marks a continuing span of time.
Useful for linking events across a long period.
no fue un paréntesis intelectual
newwas not an intellectual pause
Paréntesis is used figuratively for an interruption.
It gives precision to an argument about continuity.
En vez de enfrentar
newinstead of opposing
En vez de plus infinitive introduces an alternative to an action.
Useful for contrasting two approaches.
Con el tiempo
newover time
It introduces a gradual result or later development.
Useful in biographies and historical analysis.
Key words
Vocabulary that carries the school-day topic.
Career path
trayectoria
career path
Trayectoria is the course of a person's work or life.
Common in biographies and professional profiles.
Exile
destierro
exile
Destierro is forced or prolonged life away from one's country or home.
A central word in political and literary history.
To go beyond
desbordar
to go beyond
Desbordar literally means to overflow and here means to exceed a limit.
Useful for nuanced academic argument.
Shaped
condicionaron
shaped or conditioned
Condicionar means to influence the circumstances or limits of something.
Useful when avoiding an overly simple claim of direct causation.
Awarded
galardonada
honored with an award
Galardonada describes a woman who has received an official prize.
Common in cultural news and biographies.
Grammar in context
Patterns from the text worth noticing after reading.
Pluperfect for an earlier action
Había publicado buena parte de su obra
She had published much of her work
Había publicado places publication before her later return.
It clarifies the order of two past events.
Subjunctive after sin que
sin que eso implicara abandonar
without that implying abandoning
Sin que introduces a non-realized consequence, so implicara is subjunctive.
Useful for qualifying an argument precisely.
Not only, but also
no solo modificó su manera de argumentar, sino que también orientó
not only changed her way of arguing, but also directed
No solo and sino que también add a second, parallel point.
It structures a two-part argument.
Volver a plus infinitive
volvió a pisar suelo español
set foot on Spanish soil again
Volver a plus infinitive expresses that an action happens again.
Useful for returns and repeated actions.
Subjunctive after de ahí que
De ahí que su regreso resulte
hence her return is
De ahí que presents a conclusion and normally takes the subjunctive.
Useful for drawing a formal conclusion.
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