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Furthermore , I have not even told you under what conditions we are able to get the deepest insight into that suppositious " fundamental language , " or from which field we gain the most information . So long as you do not know this you cannot appreciate the entire significance of the subject . This field is the neurotic , its materials , the symptoms and other expressions of the nervous patient , for the explanation and treatment of which psychoanalysis was devised . My fourth point of view returns to our premise and connects up with our prescribed course . We said , even if there were no such thing as dream censorship , the dream would still be hard to understand , for we would then be confronted with the task of translating the symbol - language of the dream into the thought of our waking hours . Symbolism is a second and independent item of dream distortion , in addition to dream censorship . It is not a far cry to suppose that it is convenient for the dream censorship to make use of symbolism since both lead to the same end , to making the dream strange and incomprehensible . Whether or not in the further study of the dream we shall hit upon a new item that influences dream distortion , remains to be seen . I should not like to leave the subject of dream symbolism without once more touching upon the curious fact that it arouses such strong opposition in the case of educated persons , in spite of the fact that symbolism in myth , religion , art and speech is undoubtedly so prevalent . Is not this again because of its relationship to sexuality ? ELEVENTH LECTURE THE DREAM The Dream - Work IF you have mastered dream censorship and symbolic representation , you are , to be sure , not yet adept in dream distortion , but you are nevertheless in a position to understand most dreams . For this you employ two mutually supplementary methods , call up the associations of the dreamer until you have penetrated from the substitute to the actual , and from your own knowledge supply the meaning for the symbol . Later we shall discuss certain uncertainties which show themselves in this process . We are now in a position to resume work which we attempted , with very insufficient means at an earlier stage , when we studied the relation between the manifest dream elements and their latent actualities , and in so doing established four such main relationships : that of a part of the whole , that of approach or allusion , the symbolic relationship and plastic word representation . We shall now attempt the same on a larger scale , by comparing the manifest dream content as a whole , with the latent dream which we found by interpretation . I hope you will never again confuse these two . If you have achieved this , you have probably accomplished more in the understanding of the dream than the majority of the readers of my Interpretation of Dreams . Let me remind you once more that this process , which changes the latent into the manifest dream , is called dream - work . Work which proceeds in the opposite direction , from the manifest dream to the latent , is our work of interpretation .
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