Mercury and Helium: C1 Spanish Physics
Compare superconducting mercury and superfluid helium-4 in a factual C1 Spanish article with 14 learning cards.
Mercurio y helio: dos caminos hacia el mundo cuántico
Tap any word to see its translation
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About this article
What you'll learn
superconductivity, superfluidity, critical temperature, Meissner effect, BCS theory, cryogenics, scientific qualification
A factual C1 Spanish comparison of superconductivity and superfluidity. It covers mercury below about 4.2 K, the Meissner effect, BCS theory and its limits, CERN magnets at about 1.9 K, and helium-4 superfluidity below about 2.2 K. The kit contains 14 cards: 3 phrases, 6 words and 5 grammar cards.
After reading
Article learning block
Phrases, words, grammar, and quick practice from this text.
Phrases for training
Add useful phrases to SRS or mark them as already known.
cercanas al cero absoluto
newclose to absolute zero
At temperatures only a few degrees above the lowest theoretical limit.
Useful in scientific descriptions of extreme cold.
por sí sola
newby itself
Indicates that one factor is not sufficient without others.
Useful for qualifying explanations.
de forma independiente
newindependently
Shows that researchers reached a result separately.
Useful in accounts of scientific discoveries.
Key words
Vocabulary that carries the school-day topic.
resistivity
resistividad
resistivity
A material property that measures opposition to electric current.
Central to understanding superconductivity.
dissipation
disipación
dissipation
The loss of useful energy, often as heat.
Useful in physics and engineering.
expulsion
expulsión
expulsion
The act of forcing something out of a region.
Here it describes a magnetic field staying outside a superconductor.
crystal lattice
red cristalina
crystal lattice
The ordered arrangement of atoms or ions in a crystal.
Needed to follow the BCS explanation.
cryogenic
criogénica
cryogenic
Related to producing and using extremely low temperatures.
Useful for discussing low-temperature technology.
superfluid
superfluido
superfluid
A fluid state with no ordinary internal friction.
Essential for comparing helium with superconductors.
Grammar in context
Patterns from the text worth noticing after reading.
Al plus infinitive
Al descender
On falling below
Al plus infinitive expresses when or under what condition something happens.
Useful for explaining scientific relationships.
Como si plus imperfect subjunctive
como si tuviera
as if it had
Como si introduces an unreal comparison and takes the subjunctive.
Useful for qualifying an overgeneralization.
Poder plus infinitive
puede destruir
can destroy
Poder followed by an infinitive expresses possibility or capacity.
Useful for explaining scientific relationships.
Aunque with an accepted fact
aunque las interacciones
although the interactions
Aunque plus indicative presents a real qualification.
Useful for explaining scientific relationships.
Conditional for a reasoned answer
¿Qué diferencia señalarías
What difference would you point out
The conditional makes the request reflective rather than categorical.
Useful for nuanced scientific discussion.
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